The Xbox 360 version of Mortal Kombat (2011) is playable on Xbox One and Xbox Series X with a physical disc or digital download.
Note: Per Xbox Support, the Xbox 360 Store and the Xbox 360 Marketplace (marketplace.xbox.com) were retired on July 29, 2024.
Source: Xbox Support: Xbox 360 Store and Xbox 360 Marketplace FAQ
Note:
"Some games that are backward compatible are no longer available for sale. If you previously bought a backward compatible game on Xbox 360 or have a game disc, you can play it on your Xbox One or Xbox Series X|S console. Only digital purchases will work on Xbox One S All Digital Edition and Xbox Series S. Additionally, some games or downloadable content may not be available in all regions."
Source: Xbox Support: What games are compatible with my Xbox console?